Screen Time & Social Jet Lag: An Online Survey of Working Professionals

Our lives are governed by three clocks: the social clock that organises our lives with others (local time), the biological clock that controls our physiology (circadian time), and the sun clock that defines natural light and darkness. The more misaligned these clocks are, the higher are our odds of developing certain diseases. ‘Social jet lag’ quantifies the difference between local and circadian time. Social jetlag is the discrepancy between social and biological clocks due to differences in sleep and wake-up times across weekdays and weekends (Roenneberg, 2006). Humans are naturally circadian beings, with various physiological, mental, and behavioural rhythms driven by our biological clocks. Additionally, we are social creatures. Therefore, externally set elements like job schedules and social engagements interfere with our internal circadian timings. Digital connectivity introduces further social constraints that may cause our body clocks to become even more misaligned. Social jetlag results from biological and social time being out of sync, which can negatively affect one’s physical and mental wellbeing. It has a significantly adverse effect on our neurobehavioral and sleep processes. This paper examines the findings of an online survey on social jetlag and its association with screen time. It explores how artificial intelligence and algorithms affect people’s use of various gadgets. The study explores the role of social media in affecting the circadian cycle and sleeping patterns. Upon analysing the relationship between biological cycles and social interactions facilitated by technology, it was discovered that technology has the potential to influence and change circadian rhythms. Research found that using social networking sites before sleeping influenced respondents through artificial intelligence and algorithms in social media sites. This affected their sleeping patterns; the sleep duration was reduced, leading to social jetlag. The researcher examines changes in attention, cognitive function, and sleep-related behaviours and disruptions. Most respondents were aware that AI algorithms contribute to extended social media use. The findings reveal that habitual social media usage leads working professionals to continue using digital technology leading to prevalence of social jet lag.
Keywords: Social Jetlag, Chronotype, Circadian time, Artificial Intelligence, Mumbai.

The AI Revolution and Techno-nationalism: Analyzing Public Sentiment Toward ChatGPT on Chinese Social Media

China has maintained strict control over domestic access to global internet services, driven by concerns about internet sovereignty. For years, it has successfully relied on various domestic alternatives. Recently, technological independence and competition have become pivotal topics on Chinese social media, particularly in the context of the ongoing trade war with the United States and restrictions on Chinese technology companies. The advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) technology by the United States have sparked concerns among the Chinese public about the potential rivalry between the two nations. The inaccessibility of the ChatGPT service has further contributed to the polarisation of opinions regarding China’s internet policy. This research seeks to explore how state media presents the rapidly advancing ChatGPT and related AI breakthroughs, and how the public engages with these representations. A framing analysis was conducted to examine how China’s state media shapes the discourse surrounding ChatGPT and how the domestic public interprets its arrival and subsequent restrictions. The findings suggest fragmented public attitudes toward AI tools developed by U.S. companies, characterised by a mix of feelings, including both Western supremacy and anti-Western sentiment. It further reflects China’s ambivalent stance, oscillating between maintaining independence and seeking cooperation in the context of globalisation. This research provides new insights into the interplay between China’s internet governance and domestic techno-nationalist sentiment.
Keywords:Internet policy, framing analysis, ChatGPT, western supremacy, globalisation

Ethical Challenges in Implementing Artificial Intelligence: Privacy, Algorithmic Bias and Governance

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has established itself as one of the most transformative technologies today, impacting areas such as health, education, industry and entertainment. Defined as the ability of machines to imitate human cognitive abilities such as learning and reasoning, AI has fostered unprecedented innovations, reshaping human interaction with the world. Recent advances, driven by the growth of data and deep learning techniques, have enabled the creation of systems that outperform human performance in complex tasks such as image recognition and natural language processing. LeCun et al. (2015) argues that deep learning has been fundamental in this progress, while Brown et al. (2020) are of the opinion that the capabilities of GPT3, a model with 175 billion parameters, redefines text generation and linguistic understanding. However, the development of AI brings ethical challenges, such as impacts on the job market, privacy issues, security and algorithmic bias. The importance of adequate governance is highlighted so that the benefits of AI outweigh its risks. Given this, this paper proposes an in-depth discussion of these ethical challenges, focusing on privacy, algorithmic bias, explainability and governance, offering a critical analysis of the main points of attention in the development and responsible use of AI.
Keywords: Artificial Intelligence (AI), deep learning, AI governance, AI ethics.